STUDY ON THE PERFORMANCE OF CRUMB RUBBER MODIFIED ASPHALT CONCRETE MIXTURES FOR RAILWAY APPLICATION IN THE TROPICS
Abstract
Due to the rapidly growing number of vehicles in Nigeria, waste tyres have become a major environmental concern. The aim of using crumb rubber obtained from waste tyres, as an additive in hot mix asphalt mixture is to reduce environmental pollution in the society, promote sustainable construction and reduce the sensitivity of asphalt to temperature. This study utilised ground crumb rubber in ranges of 0%, 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% to modify asphalt in ranges of 3.5%, 4.0%, 4.5%, 5.0% and 5.5% as specified by relevant standards. The laboratory hot mix asphalt design tests were conducted by Marshal Method procedure. The study was conducted by comparing varying proportions of crumb rubber and asphalt in asphalt concrete mixtures to determine the Marshal stability, Flow value, Voids filled with asphalt, Voids filled with mineral aggregates and the Air void contents. From the results, the sample prepared with 3% crumb rubber content at 4.5% bitumen content satisfied the relevant standards. The results showed that crumb rubber is a good additive in asphalt mixtures because there was improvement in the engineering properties of the mixture, it reduced sensitivity of asphalt to temperature changes and increased the viscosity of the binder, thereby extending the temperature range of viscoelasticity. This study recommends the application of crumb rubber in modifying asphaltic railway sub-ballast, because it makes asphalt more resistant to temperature changes, and enhances its engineering properties.
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KEYWORDS: Crumb rubber modifier, Engineering properties, Environment, Granular and asphaltic subballasts, Sustainability, Temperature sensitivity
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