AN EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF COMPACTION ON THE DURABILITY OF ROAD PAVEMENTS
Abstract
This paper explores the fundamental role of compaction in ensuring pavement durability and longevity by integrating insights from established civil engineering literature. The background highlights compaction as a critical process that improves soil density, reduces permeability, and enhances the structural integrity of pavement layers. The study addresses the growing concern of early pavement failure linked to poor compaction practices. Drawing from multiple peer-reviewed sources, it outlines the mechanisms of compaction and contrasts them with consolidation, a slower, time- dependent soil behaviour. Methods discussed include traditional Proctor tests, field density measurements, and the application of intelligent compaction (IC) technologies. Key findings from reviewed studies emphasize that achieving optimal compaction, typically 95–100% of maximum dry density, directly improves pavement performance by minimizing deformation, cracking, and water ingress. The paper concludes that integrating innovative technologies, such as GPS-based monitoring and machine- learning-guided rolling patterns can significantly enhance outcomes. The study recommends broader adoption of these techniques and consistent quality control to ensure uniform compaction.
KEYWORDS:Soil compaction; Pavement durability; Intelligent compaction; Subgrade stability; construction.
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