THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON FLEXIBLE ROAD PAVEMENT INFRASTRUCTURE
Abstract
ABSTRACT :Climate change presents a critical threat to essential infrastructure, particularly road networks, which serve as the indispensable backbone of socioeconomic activity globally. This study evaluates the consequences of climate change on road infrastructure in Edo State, Nigeria, by examining ten-year historical climatic trends (2013–2023), assessing road vulnerability, and identifying climate-related failure modes. The state’s tropical climate, characterised by heavy seasonal rainfall and intense heat, has driven significant road deterioration (including potholes, flooding, erosion, and pavement cracking) in major towns like Benin City, Ekpoma, and Auchi. Analysis of climate data revealed an increase in annual precipitation from approximately 1,500 mm to 1,900 mm over the period, a 25% surge that directly correlates with the frequency of extreme rainfall events. Physical and statistical analysis established that increased rainfall causes waterlogging and subgrade saturation, weakening road foundations, while higher temperatures contribute to asphalt softening and subsequent rutting. The pervasive failure is attributed to critically low adaptive capacity, poor maintenance, and outdated engineering standards that fail to factor in future climate risks. The research concludes by proposing vital mitigation and adaptation strategies, focusing on robust engineering and policy reforms, to foster climate-resilient road networks.
KEYWORDS:Climate Change, Road Infrastructure, Pavement Deterioration, Subgrade Saturation, Climate Adaptation
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